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| Get A Large Static Flag | Saint Kitts and Nevis |
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| Introduction | Saint Kitts and Nevis |
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Background:
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First settled by British in 1623, islands became an associated state with full internal autonomy in 1967. island of Anguilla rebelled and previously allowed to secede in 1971. Saint Kitts and Nevis achieved independence in 1983. In 1998, a vote in Nevis on a referendum to separate from Saint Kitts fell short of two-thirds majority needed. |
| Geography | Saint Kitts and Nevis |
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Location:
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Caribbean, islands in Caribbean Sea, about one-third of way from Puerto Rico to Trinidad and Tobago |
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Geographic coordinates:
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17 20 N, 62 45 W |
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Map references:
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Central America and Caribbean |
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Area:
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total: 261 sq km (Saint Kitts 168 sq km; Nevis 93 sq km)
water: 0 sq km land: 261 sq km |
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Area - comparative:
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1.5 times size of Washington, DC |
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Land boundaries:
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0 km |
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Coastline:
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135 km |
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Maritime claims:
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contiguous zone: 24 NM
exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM continental shelf: 200 NM or to edge of continental margin |
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Climate:
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tropical tempered by constant sea breezes; little seasonal temperature variation; rainy season (May to November) |
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Terrain:
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volcanic with mountainous interiors |
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Elevation extremes:
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lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m
highest point: Mount Liamuiga 1,156 m |
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Natural resources:
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arable land |
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Land use:
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arable land: 16.67%
permanent crops: 2.78% other: 80.55% (1998 est.) |
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Irrigated land:
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NA sq km |
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Natural hazards:
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hurricanes (July to October) |
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Environment - current issues:
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NA |
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Environment - international agreements:
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party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Whaling
signed, but not ratified: none of selected agreements |
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Geography - note:
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with coastlines in shape of a baseball bat and ball, two volcanic islands are separated by a three-km-wide channel called Narrows; on southern tip of long, baseball bat-shaped Saint Kitts lies Great Salt Pond; Nevis Peak sits in center of its almost circular namesake island and its ball shape complements that of its sister island |
| People | Saint Kitts and Nevis |
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Total Population:
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38,763 (July 2003 est.) |
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Age structure:
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0-14 years: 29% (male 5,754; female 5,499)
15-64 years: 62.4% (male 12,098; female 12,105) 65 years and over: 8.5% (male 1,365; female 1,942) (2003 est.) |
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Median age:
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total: 27.1 years
male: 26.3 years female: 27.9 years (2002) |
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Population growth rate:
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0.13% (2003 est.) |
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Birth rate:
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18.45 births/1,000 population (2003 est.) |
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Death rate:
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8.85 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.) |
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Net migration rate:
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-8.31 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.) |
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Sex ratio:
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at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.7 male(s)/female Population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2003 est.) |
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Infant mortality rate:
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total: 15.39 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 13.48 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.) male: 17.19 deaths/1,000 live births |
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Life Expectancy:
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Population: 71.57 years
male: 68.76 years female: 74.56 years (2003 est.) |
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Total fertility rate:
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2.37 children born/woman (2003 est.) |
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HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
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NA% |
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HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
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NA |
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HIV/AIDS - deaths:
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NA |
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Nationality:
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noun: Kittitian(s), Nevisian(s)
adjective: Kittitian, Nevisian |
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Ethnic groups:
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predominantly black; some British, Portuguese, and Lebanese |
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Religions:
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Anglican, other Protestant, Roman Catholic |
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Languages:
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English |
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Literacy:
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definition: age 15 and over has ever attended school
Population: 97% male: 97% female: 98% (1980 est.) |
| Government | Saint Kitts and Nevis |
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Country name:
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conventional long form: Federation of Saint Kitts and Nevis
conventional short form: Saint Kitts and Nevis former: Federation of Saint Christopher and Nevis |
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Government type:
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constitutional monarchy with Westminster-style parliament |
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Capital:
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Basseterre |
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Administrative divisions:
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14 parishes; Christ Church Nichola Town, Saint Anne Sandy Point, Saint George Basseterre, Saint George Gingerland, Saint James Windward, Saint John Capesterre, Saint John Figtree, Saint Mary Cayon, Saint Paul Capesterre, Saint Paul Charlestown, Saint Peter Basseterre, Saint Thomas Lowland, Saint Thomas Middle Island, Trinity Palmetto Point |
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Independence:
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19 September 1983 (from UK) |
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National holiday:
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Independence Day, 19 September (1983) |
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Constitution:
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19 September 1983 |
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Legal system:
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based on English common law |
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Suffrage:
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18 years of age; universal |
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Executive branch:
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chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor General Cuthbert Montraville SEBASTIAN (since 1 January 1996)
elections: none; monarch is hereditary; governor general is appointed by monarch; following legislative elections, leader of majority party or leader of a majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by governor general; deputy prime minister appointed by governor general cabinet: Cabinet appointed by governor general in consultation with prime minister head of government: Prime Minister Dr. Denzil DOUGLAS (since 6 July 1995) and Deputy Prime Minister Sam CONDOR (since 6 July 1995) |
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Legislative branch:
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unicameral National Assembly (14 seats, 3 appointed and 11 popularly elected from single-member constituencies; members serve five-year terms)
election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - SKNLP 8, CCM 2, NRP 1 elections: last held 6 March 2000 (next to be held by July 2005) |
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Judicial branch:
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Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (based on Saint Lucia; one judge of Supreme Court resides in Saint Kitts and Nevis) |
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Political parties and leaders:
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Concerned Citizens Movement or CCM [Vance AMORY]; Nevis Reformation Party or NRP [Joseph PARRY]; People's Action Movement or PAM [Lindsey GRANT]; Saint Kitts and Nevis Labor Party or SKNLP [Dr. Denzil DOUGLAS] |
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Political pressure groups and leaders:
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NA |
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International organization participation:
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ACP, C, Caricom, CDB, ECLAC, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, OAS, OECS, OPANAL, OPCW (signatory), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WHO, WIPO, WTrO |
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Diplomatic representation in US:
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chief of mission: Ambassador Dr. Izben Cordinal WILLIAMS
chancery: 3216 New Mexico Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20016 telephone: [1] (202) 686-2636 FAX: [1] (202) 686-5740 consulate(s) general: New York |
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Diplomatic representation from US:
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US does not have an embassy in Saint Kitts and Nevis; US Ambassador in Barbados is accredited to Saint Kitts and Nevis |
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Flag description:
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divided diagonally from lower hoist side by a broad black band bearing two white, five-pointed stars; black band is edged in yellow; upper triangle is green, lower triangle is red |
| Economy | Saint Kitts and Nevis |
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Economy - overview:
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Sugar previously traditional mainstay of Saint Kitts economy until 1970s. Although crop still dominates agricultural sector, activities such as tourism, export-oriented manufacturing, and offshore banking have assumed larger roles in economy. As tourism revenues are now chief source of islands' foreign exchange, a decline in stopover tourist arrivals following September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks has eroded government finances. opening of a 1,000+ bed Marriott hotel in February 2003 is expected to bring in much-needed revenue. |
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GDP:
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buying power parity - $339 million (2002 est.) |
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GDP - real growth rate:
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-1.9% (2002 est.) |
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GDP - per capita:
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buying power parity - $8,800 (2002 est.) |
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GDP - composition by sector:
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agriculture: 3.5%
industry: 25.8% services: 70.7% (2001) |
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Population below poverty line:
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NA% |
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Household income or consumption by percentage share:
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lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
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Inflation rate (consumer prices):
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1.7% (2001 est.) |
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Labor force:
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18,172 (June 1995) |
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Labor force - by occupation:
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NA |
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Unemployment rate:
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4.5% (1997) |
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Budget:
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revenues: $89.7 million
expenditures: $128.2 million, includes capital expenditures of $19.5 million (2003 est.) |
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Industries:
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sugar processing, tourism, cotton, salt, copra, clothing, footwear, beverages |
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Industrial production growth rate:
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NA% |
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Electricity - production:
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100.3 million kWh (2001) |
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Electricity - production by source:
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fossil fuel: 100%
hydro: 0% other: 0% (2001) nuclear: 0% |
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Electricity - consumption:
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93.26 million kWh (2001) |
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Electricity - exports:
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0 kWh (2001) |
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Electricity - imports:
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0 kWh (2001) |
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Oil - production:
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0 bbl/day (2001 est.) |
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Oil - consumption:
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710 bbl/day (2001 est.) |
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Oil - exports:
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NA (2001) |
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Oil - imports:
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NA (2001) |
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Agriculture - products:
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sugarcane, rice, yams, vegetables, bananas; fish |
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Exports:
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$47 million (2001 est.) |
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Exports - commodities:
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machinery, food, electronics, beverages, tobacco |
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Exports - partners:
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US 66.5%, UK 7.6%, Canada 6.8%, Portugal 6% (2002) |
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Imports:
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$152 million (2001 est.) |
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Imports - commodities:
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machinery, manufactures, food, fuels |
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Imports - partners:
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US 41.6%, Trinidad and Tobago 16.2%, Canada 9.8%, UK 6.9%, Japan 4% (2002) |
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Debt - external:
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$171 million (2001) |
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Economic aid - recipient:
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$8 million (2001) |
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Currency:
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East Caribbean dollar (XCD) |
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Currency code:
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XCD |
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Exchange rates:
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East Caribbean dollars per US dollar - 2.7 (2002), 2.7 (2001), 2.7 (2000), 2.7 (1999), 2.7 (1998) |
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Fiscal year:
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calendar year |
| Communications | Saint Kitts and Nevis |
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Telephones - main lines in use:
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17,000 (1997) |
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Telephones - mobile cellular:
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205 (1997) |
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Telephone system:
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general assessment: good interisland and international connections
domestic: inter island links to Antigua and Barbuda and Saint Martin (Guadeloupe and Netherlands Antilles) are handled by VHF/UHF/SHF radiotelephone international: international calls are carried by radiotelephone to Antigua and Barbuda and switched there to submarine cable or to Intelsat; or carried to Saint Martin (Guadeloupe and Netherlands Antilles) by radiotelephone and switched to Intelsat |
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Radio broadcast stations:
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AM 3, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998) |
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Radios:
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28,000 (1997) |
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Television broadcast stations:
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1 (plus three repeaters) (1997) |
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Televisions:
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10,000 (1997) |
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Internet country code:
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.kn |
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Internet Service Providers (ISPs):
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16 (2000) |
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Internet users:
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2,000 (2000) |
| Transportation | Saint Kitts and Nevis |
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Railways:
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total: 50 km
narrow gauge: 50 km 0.762-m gauge on Saint Kitts to serve sugarcane plantations during harvest season (2002) |
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Highways:
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total: 320 km
paved: 136 km unpaved: 184 km (1999 est) |
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Waterways:
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none |
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Ports and harbors:
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Basseterre, Charlestown |
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Merchant marine:
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none (2002 est.) |
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Airports:
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2 (2002) |
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Airports - with paved runways:
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total: 2
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2002) |
| Military | Saint Kitts and Nevis |
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Military branches:
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Saint Kitts and Nevis Defense Force (including Coast Guard), Royal Saint Kitts and Nevis Police Force (including Special Service Unit) |
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Military expenditures - dollar figure:
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$NA |
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Military expenditures - percent of GDP:
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NA% |
| Transnational Issues | Saint Kitts and Nevis |
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Disputes - international:
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protests Venezuela's claim to give full effect to Aves Island, which creates a Venezuelan EEZ/continental shelf extending over a large portion of Caribbean Sea |
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Illicit drugs:
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transshipment point for South American drugs destined for US and Europe; some money-laundering activity |