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Introduction Anguilla
Background:
 Colonized by English settlers from Saint Kitts in 1650, Anguilla previously administered by Great Britain until early 19th century, when island - against wishes of inhabitants - previously incorporated into a single British dependency, along with Saint Kitts and Nevis. Several attempts at separation failed. In 1971, two years after a revolt, Anguilla previously finally allowed to secede; this arrangement previously formally recognized in 1980, with Anguilla becoming a separate British dependency.
Geography Anguilla
Location:
 Caribbean, islands between Caribbean Sea and North Atlantic Ocean, east of Puerto Rico
Geographic coordinates:
 18 15 N, 63 10 W
Map references:
 Central America and Caribbean
Area:
 total: 102 sq km
water: 0 sq km
land: 102 sq km
Area - comparative:
 about half size of Washington, DC
Land boundaries:
 0 km
Coastline:
 61 km
Maritime claims:
 exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM
territorial sea: 3 NM
Climate:
 tropical; moderated by northeast trade winds
Terrain:
 flat and low-lying island of coral and limestone
Elevation extremes:
 lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m
highest point: Crocus Hill 65 m
Natural resources:
 salt, fish, lobster
Land use:
 arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 100% (mostly rock with sparse scrub oak, few trees, some commercial salt ponds) (1998 est.)
Irrigated land:
 NA sq km
Natural hazards:
 frequent hurricanes and other tropical storms (July to October)
Environment - current issues:
 supplies of potable water occasionally cannot meet increasing demand largely because of poor distribution system
Geography - note:
 most northerly of Leeward Islands in Lesser Antilles
People Anguilla
Total Population:
 12,738 (July 2003 est.)
Age structure:
 0-14 years: 24.3% (male 1,575; female 1,526)
15-64 years: 68.8% (male 4,504; female 4,262)
65 years and over: 6.8% (male 387; female 484) (2003 est.)
Median age:
 total: 30 years
male: 30 years
female: 29.9 years (2002)
Population growth rate:
 2.21% (2003 est.)
Birth rate:
 14.68 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Death rate:
 5.42 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Net migration rate:
 12.8 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Sex ratio:
 at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1.06 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.8 male(s)/female
Population: 1.03 male(s)/female (2003 est.)
Infant mortality rate:
 total: 22.8 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 15.55 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)
male: 29.84 deaths/1,000 live births
Life Expectancy:
 Population: 76.7 years
male: 73.79 years
female: 79.7 years (2003 est.)
Total fertility rate:
 1.76 children born/woman (2003 est.)
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
 NA%
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
 NA
HIV/AIDS - deaths:
 NA
Nationality:
 noun: Anguillan(s)
adjective: Anguillan
Ethnic groups:
 black (predominant), mulatto, white
Religions:
 Anglican 40%, Methodist 33%, Seventh-Day Adventist 7%, Baptist 5%, Roman Catholic 3%, other 12%
Languages:
 English (official)
Literacy:
 definition: age 12 and over can read and write
Population: 95%
male: 95%
female: 95% (1984 est.)
Government Anguilla
Country name:
 conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Anguilla
Dependency status:
 overseas territory of UK
Government type:
 NA
Capital:
 Valley
Administrative divisions:
 none (overseas territory of UK)
Independence:
 none (overseas territory of UK)
National holiday:
 Anguilla Day, 30 May
Constitution:
 Anguilla Constitutional Order 1 April 1982; amended 1990
Legal system:
 based on English common law
Suffrage:
 18 years of age; universal
Executive branch:
 chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor Peter JOHNSTONE (since NA February 2000)
elections: none; monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by monarch; following legislative elections, leader of majority party or leader of majority coalition is usually appointed chief minister by governor
head of government: Chief Minister Osbourne FLEMING (since 3 March 2000)
cabinet: Executive Council appointed by governor from among elected members of House of Assembly
Legislative branch:
 unicameral House of Assembly (11 seats total, 7 elected by direct popular vote, 2 ex officio members, and 2 appointed; members serve five-year terms)
elections: last held 3 March 2000 (next to be held NA June 2005)
election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - ANA 3, AUP 2, ADP 1, independent 1
Judicial branch:
 High Court (judge provided by Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court)
Political parties and leaders:
 Anguilla United Party or AUP [Hubert HUGHES]; United Front or UF [Osbourne FLEMING, Victor BANKS], a coalition of Anguilla Democratic Party or ADP and Anguilla National Alliance or ANA
Political pressure groups and leaders:
 NA
International organization participation:
 Caricom (associate), CDB, Interpol (subbureau), OECS (associate), ECLAC (associate)
Diplomatic representation in US:
 none (overseas territory of UK)
Diplomatic representation from US:
 none (overseas territory of UK)
Flag description:
 blue, with flag of UK in upper hoist-side quadrant and Anguillan coat of arms centered in outer half of flag; coat of arms depicts three orange dolphins in an interlocking circular design on a white background with blue wavy water below
Economy Anguilla
Economy - overview:
 Anguilla has few natural resources, and economy depends heavily on luxury tourism, offshore banking, lobster fishing, and remittances from emigrants. Increased activity in tourism industry, which has spurred growth of construction sector, has contributed to economic growth. Anguillan officials have put substantial effort into developing offshore financial sector, which is limited , but growing. In medium term, prospects for economy will depend largely on tourism sector and, therefore, on revived income growth in industrialized nations as well as on favorable weather conditions.
GDP:
 buying power parity - $104 million (2001 est.)
GDP - real growth rate:
 2.8% (2001 est.)
GDP - per capita:
 buying power parity - $8,600 (2001 est.)
GDP - composition by sector:
 agriculture: 4%
industry: 18%
services: 78% (1997 est.)
Population below poverty line:
 NA%
Household income or consumption by percentage share:
 lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA%
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
 2.3%
Labor force:
 6,049 (2001)
Labor force - by occupation:
 commerce 36%, services 29%, construction 18%, transportation and utilities 10%, manufacturing 3%, agriculture/fishing/forestry/mining 4% (2000 est,)
Unemployment rate:
 6.7% (2001)
Budget:
 revenues: $22.8 million
expenditures: $22.5 million, includes capital expenditures of NA (2000 est.)
Industries:
 tourism, boat building, offshore financial services
Industrial production growth rate:
 3.1% (1997 est.)
Electricity - production:
 NA (2000)
Electricity - production by source:
 fossil fuel: NA%
hydro: NA%
other: NA%
nuclear: NA%
Electricity - consumption:
 42.6 million kWh
Agriculture - products:
 limited quantities of tobacco, vegetables; cattle raising
Exports:
 $2.6 million (1999)
Exports - commodities:
 lobster, fish, livestock, salt, concrete blocks, rum
Exports - partners:
 UK, US, Puerto Rico, Saint-Martin (2000)
Imports:
 $80.9 million (1999)
Imports - commodities:
 fuels, foodstuffs, manufactures, chemicals, trucks, textiles
Imports - partners:
 US, Puerto Rico, UK (2000)
Debt - external:
 $8.8 million (1998)
Economic aid - recipient:
 $3.5 million (1995)
Currency:
 East Caribbean dollar (XCD)
Currency code:
 XCD
Exchange rates:
 East Caribbean dollars per US dollar - 2.7000 (fixed rate since 1976)
Fiscal year:
 1 April - 31 March
Communications Anguilla
Telephones - main lines in use:
 4,974 (2000)
Telephones - mobile cellular:
 1,629 (2000)
Telephone system:
 general assessment: NA
domestic: modern internal telephone system
international: microwave radio relay to island of Saint Martin (Guadeloupe and Netherlands Antilles)
Radio broadcast stations:
 AM 5, FM 6, shortwave 1 (1998)
Radios:
 3,000 (1997)
Television broadcast stations:
 1 (1997)
Televisions:
 1,000 (1997)
Internet country code:
 .ai
Internet Service Providers (ISPs):
 16 (2000)
Internet users:
 919 (2000)
Transportation Anguilla
Railways:
 0 km
Highways:
 total: 105 km
paved: 65 km
unpaved: 40 km (1997)
Waterways:
 none
Ports and harbors:
 Blowing Point, Road Bay
Merchant marine:
 none (2002 est.)
Airports:
 3 (2002)
Airports - with paved runways:
 total: 1
914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways:
 total: 2
under 914 m: 2 (2002)
Military Anguilla
Military - note:
 defense is responsibility of UK
Transnational Issues Anguilla
Disputes - international:
 none
Illicit drugs:
 transshipment point for South American narcotics destined for US and Europe